Heel pain is a common condition often resulting from prolonged periods of standing and walking. Although the pain is located in a limited area, it is disruptive and may indicate serious bone and ligament ailments that can worsen over time. The following conditions are common causes of heel pain. They should all be treated sooner than later to prevent further degeneration.

Plantar Fasciitis

The plantar fascia is a ligament extending from the heel bones to the toes. Planter Fasciitis occurs when this ligament becomes inflamed. Standing or walking on hard surfaces, especially with insufficient footwear, is a typical cause of injury to the ligament. The pain usually occurs underneath the heel and because it inhibits walking, the inflamed plantar fascia can lead to knee problems as well.

Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome

If your feet feel numb and tingly, are swollen, or bother you with a compressed or burning sensation, tarsal tunnel syndrome may be the issue. Unlike planter fasciitis, tarsal tunnel is a nerve condition. In tarsal tunnel syndrome the tibial nerve, which connects the back of your leg to your ankle, is pinched as it travels through the tarsal tunnel. This nerve can become pinched or compressed after a foot injury, from tumors or cysts in the foot, or because of inflammation in the muscles or blood vessels. The injuries leading to tarsal tunnel syndrome can also arise from prolonged walking or standing or from the strain on flat feet. The pain of tarsal tunnel syndrome is not limited to the heel area but can affect the entire foot.

Tight Achilles Tendon or Calf Muscles

Heel pain is also caused by tight muscles in the calf or Achilles tendon. Tendon problems are common in athletes, but many everyday habits cause this area to become stiff, sore, or swollen. Wearing high heeled shoes, standing or walking for long periods of time, and sudden stress can all injure the Achilles tendon and cause discomfort in the heel and back of the foot.

These common heel and foot ailments should be diagnosed and treated by a doctor. A variety of treatments can help reduce pain and prevent the problem from worsening. Doctors may prescribe orthopedics, rest, anti-inflammatories, and/or painkillers. Physical therapy can also help strengthen the damaged muscles and ligaments. In severe cases, surgery is recommended. Paying attention to heel pain can help you catch these problems before they develop into something worse.